RT22 | Testing Curative Measures in Extra-High and High-Voltage Grids

In the PROGRESS project, curative measures in extra-high and high-voltage grids are being tested. They correspond to a reactive adjustment of assets in the grid to specifically influence voltages and currents after the actual occurrence of a fault. The existing grid can thus be utilized more efficiently and the proportion of preventive congestion management measures can be reduced. The use of curatively relieving measures by means of automatic systems requires a comprehensive analysis and expansion of the existing system architecture at grid control level, station control level and in the field. In addition, the linking of grid operation management with operational planning processes and the coordination between transmission and distribution system operators (TSO and DSO) must be considered. The need for research results from the requirements for a safe, efficient and cross-grid operator use of curative measures. In this project, therefore, relevant software and hardware components of electrical energy transmission and distribution at extra-high and high-voltage level are analyzed, corresponding functional models for the implementation of curative measures are developed and transferred to prototypical applications against the background of cross-grid operator coordination. With the participation of a control system manufacturer, transmission and distribution system operators as well as academic partners, the implementation of curative measures is being tested within field test projects in real control system environments. In addition, there is an analytical support for this practical test. In addition to the communication-technical realization of signal chains, the consideration of stationary and dynamic grid security calculations, the addressing of new methods for grid status detection and limit value determination in online operation, the coordination between TSO/TSO and TSO/DSO is focused. The aim of the project is the practical testing of a curative grid control in extra-high and high-voltage grids. The objective can be brYesen down into five sub-goals, considering specific content-related aspects. Overall, the chains of effects and underlying mechanisms at the control system level as well as at the station and field level for the concrete implementation of curative relief measures in the (n-1) case in the grid are examined and tested as prototypes. Since there are high requirements on the quantity and quality of recorded network statuses for the determination, validation and evaluation of curative measures, state estimation is addressed as a further sub-goal. In order to map the physical limits of the system exactly and to be able to use the potential for higher utilization, functional models for determining current limit values and modeling the equivalent network are being examined and implemented as prototypes. In addition, assistance systems are being tested for online operation, considering stationary and dynamic network security calculations. The systemic consideration of a curative congestion management is focused with a special focus on interactions between the transmission and distribution grid. To achieve the goals, the communication infrastructure from OVGU with a real time simulator from OPAL-RT, a control center from PSI and phasor measurement units (PMU) is used to implement the hybrid state estimation in a real control center environment. Afterwards, it is used to validate different dynamic security assessment (DSA) tools. The OPAL-RT is used to model a grid in a time resolution of at least 50 µs and furthermore as the source of measurements in the communication protocol IEEE C37.118. Those measurements are connected to the control center, where a specific gateway needs to be developed. Furthermore, there is a data transfer of measurements in the common protocol IEC 60870-5-104. With this information it is possible to use a hybrid state estimation for an improved evaluation of the system state.