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The distribution system has undergone tremendous upgrades that have leaned toward a more carbon-free, reliable, and resilient infrastructure. This has been made possible by incorporating more sophisticated controllers in conventional generation, smart inverters based distributed generation, automatic load regulators, seamless interfacing of mini, micro and nano grids etc. To the contrary, the system is exposed to different events resulting from intermittent generation, as well as the unpredictable and uncertain behavior of loads in distribution networks. Real-time digital simulators from OPAL-RT let the power professionals study these events through digital twin models and by tweaking system parameters to create diverse and disruptive steady, dynamic, and transient event signatures–and also provides real datasets through the direct interface of sensors, PMUs, remote terminal units, smart measurement/meters, for testing and validating the AI-centric data analytics. Online testing of data analytical tools is made easy through real-time simulators by OPAL-RT as it has dedicated input and output digital/analog channels for export/import signals from/to power system models and supports standard communication protocols such as DNP3, C31.118-2011, etc. This presentation revolves around the wide usage of OPAL-RT’s real-time digital simulations in prospective testing environments of data analytics through real and simulated distribution phasor measurement units. Actual case studies are emphasized in the presentation.

The success of EVs depends on the charging infrastructure. Due to different charging standards, it is difficult for EV manufacturers to rely on any one standard. Therefore, there is a need to design a charging system which can fit in many charging protocols. This presentation will give an insight into the different charging standards and their probable solutions.

Smart grid applications, especially those focusing on the coordination of distributed flexibilities, include many devices governed by increasingly complex software architectures, all linked together by communication technology. In theory, some of these applications would have the potential to revolutionize the way the grid is being operated. However, in practice they are met with skepticism due to the uncertainties and vulnerabilities that these systems might introduce. Therefore, exhaustive testing and validation steps need to be undertaken before deployment to guarantee reliability. Approaching this task manually is extremely time-consuming and error prone. In this presentation we show an approach to automatically generate cyber-physical test beds which allow the evaluation of such applications. The proposed method uses PSAL (Power System Automation Language) to describe the cyber-physical system under test, i.e., the electrical network, the sensors, the actuators, as well as the various controllers/software components and their interconnections. Several model generators parse the PSAL code, and they automatically build a real-time simulation of the physical system; they establish various interfaces for the controllers to interact with the sensors and actuators; they package the controllers and deploy them to their designated locations; and they configure the data collection framework to enable the recording and analysis of experiment data.

Modular Multilevel Cascaded Converters (MMCC) have attracted considerable attention from the power electronic and drive research community since their introduction at the beginning of 2000. Originally, MMCCs were proposed for High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission systems. Still, recently, they have been introduced into other fields, e.g., static compensators, wind energy conversion systems, and motor drives.

Among MMCCs, the Modular Multilevel Converter (M2C) is a well-established topology used extensively for HVDC transmission. However, the M2C has some difficulties in achieving good performance in applications where the electrical machine operates at a very low speed.

Therefore, other MMCC topologies, such as the Hexverter, the Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter, the Series-Shunt MMCC have been studied in the last few years. However, novel converters require complex implementations and control strategies that have hindered the number of works where experimental results of these topologies are reported.

In this context, this presentation introduces a joint project lead by the University of Santiago of Chile, in collaboration with OPAL-RT and Conecta Engineering, where a reconfigurable MMCC composed of 120 power modules is implemented using OPAL-RT MMCC modules. Thus, the testbed can perform rapid control prototyping testing and Power Hardware in The Loop analyses of novel topologies such as M3C, Hexverter and other novel topologies.

Low-inertia power systems can experience high rates of change of frequency and large frequency deviations during power imbalances. Inertia emulation using high power density storage systems such as a Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS), can help limit the rate of change of frequency following sudden changes in generation or demand. In this presentation, a new adaptive inertia emulation controller for a high-speed FESS is proposed. To validate the behavior of the FESS with the proposed control design, the controller is implemented on a real 60 kW high-speed FESS, using the concept of rapid control prototyping. The performance of the FESS, equipped with the adaptive inertia emulation controller, is evaluated by means of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) simulations using the real-time simulation model of a low voltage microgrid. To reduce the overall loop delay, the established PHIL setup uses fiber optic connections to the power amplifier and several I/O expansion units. The State-space Nodal (SSN) solver is also applied to reduce the simulation time step of the microgrid model. The results of PHIL simulation show that the FESS with the newly-proposed adaptive inertia emulation controller outperforms the previously-suggested adaptive control designs, in terms of reducing the maximum rate of change of frequency and limiting the maximum frequency deviation, while not demanding significantly more energy from the FESS.

The development process of the microgrid controller (MGC) is that we first develop the controlling function in C that matches with the SIL preliminary algorithm developed by OPAL-RT/HYPERSIM. Secondly, a real HIL lightweight IED controller based on an iec61850 library is developed. Thirdly, we then test both the developed algorithm and the lightweight IED controller via various simulation scenarios. We perform testing scenarios of a developed MGS in a microgrid cyber-physical simulation subject to cyber-attacks in our lab. These testing are designed through performing two MGC testing scenarios. First, a delay attack is implemented, when the microgrid is islanded–the MGC monitors whole MG circuit breakers (CBs) specifically in this scenario—and the PCC CB should disconnect Load 4. Secondly, we test a packet manipulation on a measured data attack. External MGC HIL monitors the power generation as well as load consumption, in case (no balance) a trip command is issued to disconnect Load 3 via GOOSE. We then provide this development procedure for HIL MGC, which can communicate with the real-time simulator’s HYPERSIM simulation model over IEC 61850 GOOSE, as well as run the designed intelligent controlling algorithm and send the dispatching signal back to the real-time simulator model.

Synchrophasor measurement technology is based on calculation of phasors obtained from Phasor Measurement Units. This technology is used in several countries to get better observability of electric systems. CEPEL’s Synchronous Phase Measurement Laboratory (LabPMU), in Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, is a laboratory infrastructure conceived to provide performance tests of PMUs and research on applications based on this technology. One relevant project carried out at LabPMU is to use Fractional Cycle Digital Fourier Transform Algorithm for Phasor Measurement Units (FC-DFT). This project aims to achieve faster PMUs, regarding the increasing presence of power electronics interfaced resources in power system generation and transmission. The presentation will show power electronic electrical simulations using HYPERSIM, in order to show the benefits of the algorithm. Two different simulation circuits were used: an HVDC multi-infeed circuit, as that arrangement is extensively used in the world, especially in Brazil; and a simulation of a distribution circuit provided with a PV array connected to the distribution electrical system through a converter (switching function model). Some occurrences of the power electronics equipment are simulated, and the results are the input of the FC-PMU. The FC-DFT results are then analyzed, showing that the equipment may deliver beneficial information for the control system operator and for early forensic analysis.

This talk will discuss methods to implement different topologies of DC Microgrids.

Christine Van Slyke is Vice President of Global Sales and Marketing at SCALABLE Network Technologies. She has been with SCALABLE for over seven years and has a Masters in Business Administration. She has more than 20 years of experience in business, technology, and strategy development. Prior to SCALABLE, she spent more than a decade helping TELUS—one of Canada’s leading telecommunications and managed solutions providers expand its offerings across the Province of Ontario.

Charalambos Konstantinou is an Assistant Professor of Computer Science (CS) and Affiliate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) at the Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE) of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. He is the Principal Investigator of the Secure Next Generation Resilient Systems Lab (SENTRY) and a member of the Resilient Computing and Cybersecurity Center (RC3) at KAUST. His research interests are in secure, trustworthy, and resilient cyber-physical and embedded IoT systems. He is also interested in critical infrastructures security and resilience with a special focus on smart grid technologies, renewable energy integration, and real-time simulation.

He received a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from New York University (NYU), NY, in 2018, and a Dipl.-Ing.-M.Eng. Degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Greece, in 2012. Before joining KAUST, he was an Assistant Professor with the Center for Advanced Power Systems (CAPS) at Florida State University (FSU). He is a Senior Member of IEEE, a member of ACM, and an ACM Distinguished Speaker (2021-2024).

Georg Lauss received the Dipl.-Ing. degree from the Johannes Kepler University JKU Linz, Austria, in 2006 and jointly from the Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule ETHZ, Zürich, Switzerland, and the Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France. He is a researcher with the AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria. His main interests include electromagnetic systems, power electronics, system and control theory, mathematical methods for optimized control systems, hardware-in-the-loop simulation systems, and real-time simulation for electromagnetic power systems.

Georg Lauss is the Chairman of the IEEE WG P2004 Recommended Practice for Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) Simulation Based Testing of Electric Power Apparatus and Controls and the IEEE PES Task Force on Real-Time Simulation of Power and Energy Systems.

Dr. Ron Brandl completed his studies in electrical engineering in 2010 and received his doctorate in engineering from the University of Kassel in 2018. Since 2011, Ron Brandl is working as a research associate at the Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology – IEE, where he heads the group ‘Power Electronics Applications’ and is part of the Fraunhofer Competence Center ‘Cognitive Energy Systems’. Additionally, Ron Brandl is working as project manager and researcher at the European Distributed Energy Resource Laboratories e.V. – DERlab since 2018. His expertise covers topics such as real-time simulations, power hardware-in-the-loop technology, power electronics and system stability, electromobility and AI in energy. He is involved in the design of test centers for smart grids, participates in various national and European research projects, is part of several working groups, such as the IEEE Task Force “Real-Time Simulation of Power and Energy Systems”, the IEEE P2004 Working Group “Recommended Practice for HIL Simulation Based Testing” and he is National Expert and Operating Agent of the IEA-ISGAN Annex 5 “Smart Grid International Research Facility Network”.

Danielle Sami Nasrallah received an Engineer’s diploma in electromechanical engineering and a Diplôme d’Études Approfondies in electrical engineering from École supérieure d’ingénieurs de Beyrouth (ÉSIB), Beirut, Lebanon in 2000 and 2002, respectively, and a Ph. D. degree in Robotics Modelling and Control from McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, in 2006. During her Ph. D. studies she worked on a part-time basis at Robotics Design as a control and robotics engineer. She moved to Meta Vision Systems in 2006-2007 as a control and applications engineer.

In 2008, she joined the electrical department of the Royal Military College of Kingston as an assistant professor and, in 2009, she was a visiting assistant professor at the American University of Beirut. From 2010 to 2014, she worked as a consultant in control and systems engineering. In 2014, she joined OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES where she is presently a technical lead in control and intelligent mobility. She retained links with academia as she lectures in Robotics and Control at both Concordia and McGill Universities.