Rapid Control Prototyping enables development of control for novel converter topologies and HVDC networks at Imperial College London.
The distribution system has undergone tremendous upgrades that leaned towards more carbon-free, reliable, and resilient infrastructure. Possibly made by incorporating more sophisticated controllers in a conventional generation, smart inverters based distributed generation, automatic load regulators, seamless interfacing of mini, micro and nano grids etc., On the contrary, the system exposed to different events resulted from intermittent generation, unpredictable and uncertain behavior of loads in distribution networks. Real-time digital simulators from OPAL-RT let the power professionals to study these events through the digital twin models and tweaking system parameters to create diverse and disruptive steady, dynamic, and transient event signatures, and also provides real datasets through the direct interface of sensors, PMUs, remote terminal units, smart measurement/meters, for testing and validating the AI-centric data analytics. Online testing of data analytical tools is made easy through real-time simulators by OPAL_RT as it has dedicated input and output digital/analog channels for export/import signals from/to power system models and supports standard communication protocols such as DNP3, C31.118-2011, etc., This presentation revolve around wide usage of OPAL_RT real-time digital simulations in prospective testing environments of data analytics through real and simulated distribution phasor measurement units. Actual case studies are emphasized in the presentation.
Wide Area Monitoring and Smart Automation (WAMSA), is today’s innovative research area under smart grid execution to overcome real-time protection difficulties. Modern communications and information processing technologies offer outstanding real-time benefits. The development of big data applications and satellite uplinks are rapidly changing. Several new measurement devices are being incorporated into an advanced smart grid metering infrastructure. In this process, PMUs can sense, converting signals from voltage and current into digital form under real-time wide-area monitoring systems. In modern power systems real-time applications point of view, big data analytics are playing a vital role with a rising technological concept that contains smart electricity facilities, for instance, smart power control, energy utilization, and management. Initially, it emphasized that smart grids, modern data analytics, massive-scale information control, and reliable monitoring methods with the extreme size of data. This paper summarizes the PMU setup and installation overview in the Unified Real-time Dynamic State Measurement project (URTDSM) with the Synchrophasor based wide-area monitoring system in India. The novelty of this presentation is to focus on big data potential functions and practices like fault detection, transient stability, load forecasting, and power quality monitoring into real-time wide-area monitoring.
Part 1: The global power system transition to a nearly 100% renewable-based generation presents new challenges not only in terms of control strategies but also in terms of tools required to perform HIL simulations. In this context, conventional generators such as synchronous machines may be gradually replaced by power electronic converters or similar generation units. HIL simulation setups of large grid models with multiple switching inverters are a challenge due to the high-level of accuracy that is required. The coupling of the power electronic domain with the network level domain is the major issue to overcome, nowadays. Two approaches are followed: the first one involves the coupling of the FPGA and the CPU model, while the second one uses the ARTEMiS library.
Part 2: Non-real-time or offline simulation methodologies using numerical solving techniques for network or component models have their limitations with respect to the necessity of high complexity for . Therefore, they may prove insufficient with respect to resulting simulation accuracy or computation time. Real-time simulation based HIL simulation testing can overcome these issues, because physical hardware equipment including the entire control systems is interlinked with the simulated network model via HIL interfaces. This enables natural coupling which guarantees the conservation of instantaneous power via the conservation of the through and across quantities at interfaces as exists in the real-world system.
Georg Lauss received the Dipl.-Ing. degree from the Johannes Kepler University JKU Linz, Austria, in 2006 and jointly from the Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule ETHZ, Zürich, Switzerland, and the Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France. He is a researcher with the AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria. His main interests include electromagnetic systems, power electronics, system and control theory, mathematical methods for optimized control systems, hardware-in-the-loop simulation systems, and real-time simulation for electromagnetic power systems. Georg Lauss is the Chairman of the IEEE WG P2004 Recommended Practice for Hardware-inthe-Loop (HIL) Simulation Based Testing of Electric Power Apparatus and Controls and the IEEE PES Task Force on Real-Time Simulation of Power and Energy Systems.
The advancement of technology has allowed the exponential development in electric engineering applications, several of these fields are the digital simulation in real- time in conjunction with the synchro-phasor measurements in electrical power systems, the generation of data applying the Montecarlo method and the analysis of data by means of the application of data mining techniques. Research on load-shedding schemes together with the application of the above-mentioned fields allow the prediction of certain events that have caused the disconnection of large amounts of load and even the operating output (blackout) of large power systems around the world. The present project proposes a methodology for the implementation of a load shedding scheme as a function of voltage and frequency that allows, through an indicator, by means of an indicator calculated in real time through a previously trained regressor, to determine the amount of load to be disconnected after the occurrence of a contingency for loss of generation. To do this, a comprehensive real-time digital simulation platform is implemented, which uses the benefits of the OPAL-RT ePHASORsim application, together with the functionalities of CENACE’s WAMS system, WAProtector, to execute a Software in the loop (SIL) oriented to perform adaptive load shedding in real time, which is triggered when the indicator condition calculated by the regressor previously trained with simulation results obtained from PowerFactory is met.
Main focus on:
Off-shore wind farms are one of important energy sources that realize the carbon neutral before 2050 in Japan. Since the depth of sea around Japan is more that 50m, facilities of transmission systems for off-shore wind farms have to be installed on floating platforms. Middle frequency (500Hz) convertor is a promising equipment that reduce the weight and volume of transformer used for substation on the floating platform. The MMC is a solution that can operate at 500Hz with less switching loss. It however requires much system analysis to develop and tune the control system. Real time simulator is a useful tool for small academic laboratories to study on the MMC. It saves risks of hardware troubles caused by mal operation of control system. An example of studies, such as fundamental operation of scaled model (200V, 1A) of MMC convertor, real time simulation for tuning of control system, and harmonics study in our laboratory will be introduced in the presentation.
